'The Long-Term Effects of Nicotine'

'In the body, nicotine interacts with central offensive system receptors consisting of mixed combinations of alpha and genus Beta proteins. This facilitates the release of neurotransmitters much(prenominal) as dopamine, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, glutamate, and serotonin. The dependency produced is similar to that of opiates and cocain (Johnson, Rose & Westman, 1999). Pharmacologically, the nicotine produces haveings of pleasure, arousal, and relaxation, amd may improve management and reaction clip in given over someones. Also, the use of nicotine reduces concern and stress, relieves hunger, and prevents weight progress (Hunter et al., 1994). The negative set up of the drug include increased filiation pressure, heart rate, coronary thrombosis vasoconstriction, and the production of carboxyhemoglobin, which reduces the oral communication of oxygen in the body (Ferry, Joseph, Norman, & Prochazka, 1996).\n\nnot only does nicotine magnetic core the body biologically , just now it has serious hallucinogenic set up as hygienic. These psychoactive effects cause the ingest carriages appearance to be reinforced, twain confirmatoryly and negatively. The positive backup (which causes the tobacco user to fate to smoke) deals the rousing of the nicotine receptors, which promotes higher rate of self-administration of the drug. The negative reinforcement (which causes the smoker to not want to not smoke) is in the pee-pee of withdrawal symptoms produced by chronic use. Smokers alike associate the pleasurable effects of take mentioned previously with the taste, smell, and feel of the smoke in their throat, as well as the use of the smoking materials. This is called conditioning, which is the major cause of go by once smoking cessation has occurred (Hunter et al.).\n\nIn recite for an individual to quit smoking, the psychological, behavioral, and physiological components of addiction moldiness be considered so that an effective inter position plan do-nothing be developed. The almost successful approaches involve a combina... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:

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